Identification of characteristics and incidence of injuries in Pencak Silat athletes in the adult competition category in East Java
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17977/um086v3i22025p99-106Keywords:
Injury characteristics, injury incidents, lower limb injury, Pencak SilatAbstract
Background: Pencak silat, as a competitive sport, has a high risk of injury. However, data on its characteristics and causative factors during pre-match and matches in East Java are still limited. Objective: This study aims to identify the characteristics and incidence of injuries in adult sparring category pencak silat athletes in East Java during training and matches. Methods: Using a quantitative descriptive method with a cross-sectional survey approach. Data were collected through a survey distributed to 100 athletes (61 men and 31 women) aged 17-22 years from 11 cities/districts in East Java, including information on injury characteristics and causal factors. Result: The results showed that the most dominant injuries that occurred during pre-match were blisters on the fingers (32%), bruises on the arms (38%), sprains on the lower legs (26%), and sprains on the ankles (33%), the leading causes were technical errors, lack of warm-up, and lack of facilities and infrastructure. During matches, the most common injuries were lower limb bruises (48%), ankle sprains (29%), and head/face abrasions (12%), which were caused by punching power, technical errors, and takedowns. While serious injuries such as dislocations and fractures had a low percentage, they had a significant impact on the athletes' performance. Conclusion: Overall, the findings suggest that the lower extremities are more susceptible to injury. The types of injuries varied, ranging from minor to severe. Initial treatment for minor injuries typically involves the RICE (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) method, whereas severe injuries require further medical attention to prevent serious complications.References
Afis, M. M. (2026). Analysis of sports injuries in the implementation of the new 2023 regulations for the sport of Pencak Silat in the 17-35 age category. Sport, Exercise, and Injury, 1(2), 80-89.
Ar Rahman, H. N. (2025). Knowledge level of sports injury first aid using PRICE method among student-athletes in Indonesia: A case study. Sport, Exercise, and Injury, 1(1), 50-59.
Beránek, V., Votápek, P., & Stastny, P. (2023). Force and Velocity of Impact During Upper Limb Strikes in Combat Sports: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Sports biomechanics, 22(8), 921–939.
Bezpalova, N., Davybida, N., Malyar, N., & Malyar, E. (2024). Pre-hospital care for various types of injuries. Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University, 7(180), 38-41.
Cosma, G., Chiracu, A., Stepan, R., Cosma, A., Nanu, C., & Pǎunescu, C. (2020). Impact of coping strategies on sport performance. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 20(3), 1380-1385.
Del Vecchio, F. B., Farias, C. B., de Leon, R. C., Rocha, A. C. C. A., Galliano, L. M., & Coswig, V. S. (2018). Injuries in Martial Arts and Combat sports: Prevalence, Characteristics and Mechanisms. Science and Sports, 33(3), 158–163.
Dermawan, D. F., Dlis, F., & Mahardhika, D. B. (2021). Analisis Perkembangan Wanita dalam Olahraga. Jurnal Speed (Sport, Physical Education, Empowerment), 2(1), 24–29.
Habali, V. A. F., Kharisman, V. A., Friskawati, G. F., & Supriadi, D. (2023). Persepsi Masyarakat Terhadap Kesetaraan Gender Pada Wanita dalam Olahraga. Physical Activity Journal, 4(2), 155.
Hanief, Y. N., Firmansyah, A., Erdilanita, U., & Purwadi, D. A. (2024). Edukasi pertolongan pertama pada cedera olahraga bagi orang tua dan atlet sepak bola di Batu Football Academy (BAFA). Darmabakti: Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, 1(1), 8-13.
Haugen, E. (2022). Athlete mental health & psychological impact of sport injury. Operative Techniques in Sports Medicine, 30(1), 150898.
Johnston, L. H., & Carroll, D. (2000). The psychological impact of injury: effects of prior sport and exercise involvement. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 34(6), 436-439.
Kusuma, M. N. H. (2023). Investigating the Causative Factor of Musculoskeletal Injury for Indonesian Traditional Martial Arts. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 23(2), 185-191.
Leprince, C., D’Arripe-Longueville, F., & Doron, J. (2018). Coping in teams: Exploring athletes’ communal coping strategies to deal with shared stressors. Frontiers in psychology, 9, 1908.
Lystad, R. P. (2015). Epidemiology of Injuries in Full-Contact Combat Sports. Australasian Epidemiologist, 22(1), 14–18.
Mitchell, I., Evans, L., Rees, T., & Hardy, L. (2014). Stressors, social support, and tests of the buffering hypothesis: Effects on psychological responses of injured athletes. British Journal of Health Psychology, 19(3), 486-508.
Muhyi, M., & Purbojati. (2015). Penguatan Olahraga Pencak Silat sebagai Warisan Budaya Nusantara. Jurnal Budaya Nusantara, 2(1), 141–147.
Mustafa, P. S. (2022). Buku Ajar Pertolongan Pertama. Insight MEDIATAMA.
Nawawi, U. (2018). Identifikasi cedera pada atlet pencak silat dewasa kabupaten magelang. E-Journal Prodi Ikor UNY, 6(1), 1-7.
Nuetzel, B. (2023). Coping strategies for handling stress and providing mental health in elite athletes: a systematic review. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 5, 1265783.
Nurhayati, U. A., & Cahyani, N. A. (2023). Physiotherapy First Aid Training for Injured Athletes in the Field. Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Bestari, 2(3), 259–268.
Park, S., Kim, Y., Woo, S., & Lee, O. (2021). A Survey Study on Sports Injury by Age for Male Athletes in Combat Sports. Journal of Men’s Health, 17(2), 120–126.
Purnomo, E., Hidayat, A. K., & Santoso, R. (2024). Injury in Pencak Silat Teenage Competitive Category Athletes at the Special Sports Class in Central Java. JUMORA: Jurnal Moderasi Olahraga, 4(1), 17–26.
Rahayuni, K. (2021). Psychological demands in elite Indonesian athletes (Doctoral dissertation, University of Birmingham).
Rachman, A., Yochanan, Samanlangi, A. I., & Purnomo, H. (2024). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R&D. CV Saba Jaya Publisher.
Smith, A. M., Scott, S. G., & Wiese, D. M. (1990). The psychological effects of sports injuries coping. Sports Medicine, 9(6), 352-369.
Sugiyono. (2019). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Kualitatif dan R&D. Alfabeta CV Bandung.
Sukendro, S., & Ihsan, M. (2018). Identifikasi Bakat Cabang Olahraga Dengan Metode Sport Search Pada Ektrakurikuler Sepakbola SMP Negeri 16 Kota Jambi. Jorpres (Jurnal Olahraga Prestasi), 14(1), 46–63.
Suryaningrum, J. A., & Shapie, M. N. M. (2025). Injury trends in Pencak Silat: Impact of regulation changes on sparring athletes. Sport, Exercise, and Injury, 1(1), 15-26.
Thouhid, M. F., & Raya, M. A. S. (2024). Analisis Strategi dan Teknik Tendangan Sabit Dalam Olahraga Pencak Silat: A Systematic Literature Review. JIMU: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisipliner, 2(04), 991-999.
Yudi, E. W. P. (2015). Identifikasi Cedera Pada Cabang Olahrga Pencak Silat Kategori Tanding Pada Atlet POPDA Kabupaten Nganjuk. State University of Yogyakarta.
Zhu, Z., & Liu, W. (2024). Common Injuries and countermeasures in professional martial arts routine athletes. Cambridge Sport Science, 2024(3), 7-13.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Dinda Farida Putri Bahari, Kurniati Rahayuni
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
